Electric bell.



T. ROSATI.

ELECTRIC BELL.

APPLIOATION FILED AUG. 7, 1907.

898,686, Patented Sept. 15, 1908.

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witmww I 35% W. W attozmn T. ROSATL ELEGTRIG BELL.

APPLIOATION FILED me. 7, 1907.

Patented Sept. 15, 1908.

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Q/vi hi cones UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

TITO ROSATI, OF FLORENCE, ITALY, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-FOURTH TO FERDINAND R.SARI AND BARTOLOMEO G. GIULIANI, OF WASHINGTON, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.

ELECTRIC BELL.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 15, 1908.

Application filed August 7, 1907. Serial No. 387,466.

To all whom it may concern: F

Be it known that I, TITO RosATI, a subject of the King of Italy,residing at Florence, Italy, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Electric Bells; and I do declare the following to be afull, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enableothers skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use thesame, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to theletters and figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part ofthis specification.

This invention relates to new. and useful improvements in electric bellswhich are operated in circuit with high potential currents ofelectricity, contemplating a system by which electric signals may beoperated without the use of batteries and greatly reducing the expenseof their operation, and comprises the utilization of resistance coils ofhigh resistance metals, whereby high potential currents may be utilizedwith a centesimal fraction of amperes with a resulting consumption ofonly from live to ten watts per hour, according to the size and dimension of the electrophone. To accomplish this economical resultrespecting the consum tion of power, it is necessary that the win ingsof the coils of the high resistance metals, which excite the magneticforce, should be calculated in a manner to obtain a suificient number ofampere windings in order to determine the numerical quantity of lines offorce.

Myinvention comprises various details of construction and combinationsand arrangements of parts which will be hereinafter fully described andthen specifically defined in the appended claims.

I illustrate my invention in the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a perspective view of my bell in which but a single coil ofhigh resistance metal is employed. Fig. 2 is a sectional View on line 22of Fig. 3 looking in the direction of the arrow. Fig. 3 is a frontelevation of the bell, the boxing of the same being shown in section.Fig. 4 is a sectional view on line 44 of Fig. 5, showing the applicationof the invention for use in circuits of higher potential than theconstruction illusis a sectional view showing a slight modification ofthe invention in which a single resistance coil is utilized, and Fig. 7is a front elevation of the modification shown in Fig. 6. Fig. 8 is adiagrammatic view showing the electric circuit.

Reference now being had to the details of the drawings by letter, Adesignates any fixed object to which the bell is to be applied and isprovided with a cross piece B, metal or 8f other material, through whichthe screws ass.

l) designates a plate to which the electrical apparatus is fastened andthrough which the screws O pass. Projecting from the plate D is a shelfE which is shown in the drawings as having a tenon entering and openingin said plate and, upon said shelf, an L-shaped member F of any suitablematerial, preferably of metal, is supported. Mounted upon said member Fis a bobbin II having a core I of soft iron, which core has a contractedportion I extending through registering apertures in said shelf andmember F, and a bur or nut K is fitted to the lower end of said core,which is threaded, the shoulder formed upon said core being adapted toengage the member F thereby securely holding the same in place.

N designates a winding of high resistance wire, preferably of costantan,nichelina, manganina or other similar metal having high electricresistance. An electric bell O is mounted upon a rod O projecting fromthe casing J, which latter is provided with wings J which are aperturedto receive the screws O, and adjusting nuts Q are fitted upon the outerends of each of the said screws C whereby the plate and casing may beheld securely together.

An armature R is pivotally mounted upon a pin R carried by the walls ofa plate R of any suitable insulated material, said armature beingadapted to have a vibrating movement upon its pivotal pin. Said armaturehas an integral arm R projecting therefrom with a hammer R upon its endwhich proj ects through an opening in the casing J and adapted tovibrate against the bell. A spring I? is connected at the upper end tothe short arm R of the armature and passes through a guide eye L, whichis fastened to said member F. Mounted in the bracket arms L underneathsaid shell is an adjusting screw L about which the lower portion of saidspring P is adapted to wind and forms means for adjusting the tensionthereof. A curved leaf spring L" is fixed to the top of said plate andforms a yielding stop against which said armature is adapted to'icontact after the circuit has been broken, said arma ture being drawnagainst the leaf spring of the s ring P. Metallic conducting strips Sand are held to the plate D by means of the binding screws S suitableinsulation S being interposed between said strips andthe plate D andalso between the screws S and the latter. Finger nuts S are mounted uponthe upper of said binding screws and are adapted to hold the highpotential wires S in contact therewith, and finger nuts S are mountedupon the lower of the screws S one of which is adapted to fasten thehigh potential wire S to a strip S, while to the second strip S a highpotential wire S is connected. Said wire S is connected to one pole ofthe coil N, while the other wire S is electrically connected to thespring L A conductor wire T electrically connects the strip S with thearmature through the pivotal pin on which the latter is mounted, and Tdesignates a wire, which is connected at one end to a metallic strip Sthrough the medium of the binding post T and its other end is connectedto-the positive pole of the winding or high resistance coil N. T and T Gare wires, which are adapted to be connected to an ordinary push buttonT and are connected to the minus and positive metallic strips S and SThe windings of wire on the resistance coils are preferably two-tenthsof a mm. in size of costantan, nichelina, manganina or other highresistance metal, in which a resistance is offered from 0,488 ohms to0,423 ohms, according to the particular kind of high resistance metalabove mentioned which may be used. In order to obtain an advantageouseffect in the dynamo magnetic coils, only a limited number of windingsis necessary, but to absorb a high potential voltage in operating thebell it is necessary to adapt a wire for such windings which acomparatively few meters long would absorb the voltage. For instance, ina coil or winding of the bell, in order to absorb 150 volts withone-tenth amperes, it would require 98 meters of costantan wire,two-tenth 111m. in diameter having a weight of 42 grams. When nichelinais used, it will require 110 meters and 45 grams in weight and, withmanganina, 112 meters and 46 grams in weight, the last two having thesame diameter, two-tenth mm., whereas to obtain the same results by useof copper wire to absorb the potential of 150 volts, it would require3000 meters of the same diameter and having a weight of 0,800 kg. By theuse of these metals of high resistance power, the weight and size of theapparatus may be no larger than the ordinary electric bell apparatuswhich is used in connection with batteries and of low potential.

In Figs. 4 and 5 of the drawings, I have shown a modification of theinvention in which four high resistance coils are illustrated, in whichhigh voltage currents of from 200 to 500 volts may be utilized tooperate the bell. Inv said Figs. 4 and 5, the coils are designated by Wand each is provided with cores W of soft iron. WV designates anarmature which is pivotally connected to a rod 7 which in turn ispivotally connected at W to a tilting bar W having a hammer WV at theend thereof. designates a pivot pin mounted upon the bracket Y and aspring Y is connected to the lower end of the rod W and its other endfastened to the adjusting screw Y In Figs. 6 and 7 is shown a slightmodification of the form of a bell designated by letter X and which bellis formed of a coil of wire, shown clearly in Fig. 7. The detailedconstruction of the apparatus shown in Fig. 5 is substantially similarto that illustrated in Figs. 2 and 3, although modified in certaindetails to adapt the same to the construction shown, in which thearmature R is pivotally mounted upon the pin R, said pin being carriedby the member F which is supported upon an insulating block F and thespring F is connected to the short arm of the armature and its lower endconnected to a pin F. The bell X, mounted upon a post X, is secured to aplate F and a protecting glass F covers the portion of the casing inwhich said bell X is mounted.

It will be noted that, by the arrangement of the apparatus as shown inthe drawing, the circuit closer is positioned between the coil and. thebell hammer, instead of between the source of energy and the contactpost which is a common arrangement in ordinary electric bells in whichlow voltage currents are employed.

From the foregoing, it will be noted that, by the provision of anelectric bell made as herein described and as illustrated in theaccompanying drawings, a-simple and eflicient device is afforded,whereby high potential currents of from 100 to 500 voltage may bereduced to 3 or 4 volts, making it possible to utilize the ordinaryelectric bells which at present are actuated by batteries and withoutchanging the size of the wire or other appurtenances, thereby reducingto minimum the cost of operating the bells.

WVhat I claim is 1.. An electric bell having a single magnetic coil ofhigh ohmic resistance wires, a high potential wire connection with oneend of the winding of said coil, a low potential wire connected to theother end of the windlow potential connections between the circuitcloser and coil, a circuit breaker co-acting with said hammer, and lowpotential wire connections between the circuit breaker and the source ofenergy, as set forth.

2. An electric bell having a single magnetic coil of high ohmicresistance wires, a high potential wire connection with one end of thewinding of said coil, a low potential wire connected to the other endofthe winding of said coil, a bracket plate and support therefor and uponwhich plate said coil is mounted, an insulation block fitted to saidplate, a pivotal hammer mounted upon said block, a spring carried by thelatter and retracting said hammer, a circuit closer with low potentialwire connections between the same and said hammer, low potentialconnections between the circuit closer and the coil, a circuit breakerco-acting with said hammer, and low potential wire connections betweensaid circuit breaker and the source of energy, as set forth.

3. An electric bell having a single magnetic coil of high ohmicresistance wires, a high potential wire connection with one end of thewinding of said coil, a low potential wire connected to the other end ofthe winding of said coil, abracket plate and support therefor upon whichplate said coil is mounted, an insulation block fitted to said plate, apivotal hammer mounted upon said block, a spiral spring connected to thehammer, a circuit closer with low potential wire connections between thelatter and said coil, a circuit breaker co-acting with said hammer, andlow potential wire connections between the circuit breaker and thesource of energy, as set forth. a

4. An electric bell having a single magnetic coil of high ohmicresistance wires, a

high potential wire connection with one end of the winding of said coil,a low potential wire connected to the other end of the winding of saidcoil, a bracket plate and support therefor and upon. which plate saidcoil is mounted, an insulation block fitted to said plate, a pivotalhammer mounted upon said block, a spring carried by the latter andbearing against said hammer acting as a circuit breaker, a spiral springfastened to one end of the hammer, an adjusting screw to which saidspiral spring is connected, a circuit closer with low potential wireconnections between the same and said hammer, low potential connectionsbetween the circuit closer and coil, and low potential wire connectionsbetween the circuit breaker and source of energy, as set forth.

5. An electric bell having a single 11mgnetic coil ofhigh ohmicresistance wires, an insulated support for said coil, insulated metallicstrips mounted upon the support, a high potential wire connection withone of said plates which in turn is electrically connected with one endof the winding of said coil, a low potential wire connected through oneof said strips with the other end of the winding of the coil, a pivotalinsulated hammer, a low potential wire having connections through one ofthe strips with said hammer, an insulated spring bearing against thehammer and having a low potential connection through one of said strips,and a circuit closer mechanism between the same and said hammer.

In testimony whereof I hereunto afliX my signature in presence of two.witnesses.

TITO ROSATI. WVitnesses:

Srmrro BERNARDY, ITALO CIANI.

